德语A1学习

Hast du morgen Zeit?

Wann spielen wir?

Vocabulary

braucht, brauchte, hat gebraucht

to need something/somebody

That works./That’s OK.

the entire day

this

just; only

Good idea.

I feel like…/I would enjoy…

I don’t feel like it.

kann, konnte

to be able to; can

hat, hatte, hat gehabt

to feel like something; to have a desire for something

next

still (i.e., still raining, still asleep)

only; just

already

swimming pool

trifft, traf, hat getroffen

to meet (someone)

when

week

zoo

in the evening

nur Singular

April

nur Singular

August

That works/That’s fine.

date

the date (today)

nur Singular

December

nur Singular

February

early shift

Today is the… (plus date)

nur Singular

January

nur Singular

July

nur Singular

June

calendar

nur Singular

May

nur Singular

March

at noon; at midday

in the mornings; every morning

in the afternoon; in the afternoons

nur Singular

November

nur Singular

October

person

reserviert, reservierte, hat reserviert

to reserve

reservation

nur Singular

September

the day after tomorrow

the day before yesterday

mornings; in the morning (regularly)

Hast du morgen Zeit?

Grammar

Ordinal numbers

Heute ist der siebzehnte Januar.

Ordinal numbers can be used to determine a sequence. They give the position of an element in a succession of elements. For example, the days of the month form a sequence in which one day occupies a certain position:

der siebzehnte Januar = the seventeenth day in the month of January

The ordinal number is written with a point after it.:

der 17. Januar

Formation of ordinal numbers

For numbers one to 19 in the singular, add the ending -te to the cardinal number.

The ordinal numbers for one, three and seven have an irregular form.

From 20 onwards, the forms are regular. Always add the ending -ste to the cardinal number:

Dates

The months of the year are also in a set sequence. When giving a date, you can say the name of the month or give the month in the form of another ordinal number.

Heute ist der siebzehnte Januar .

or:

Heute ist der siebzehnte Erste .

After prepositions of time, the ending of the ordinal number changes from

-(s)te to -(s)ten :

Heute ist der siebzehn te Januar.

but:

Am siebzehn ten Januar fahre ich nach Berlin.

When a date is given, some prepositions that come before the ordinal number also change:

von -> vom (= von + dem)

bis -> bis zum

Vom siebzehn ten bis zum fünfundzwanzig sten Januar habe ich Urlaub.

Wann spielen wir?

Conjugation: können

Kannst du am Montag? – Nein, am Montag kann ich nicht.

The verb können belongs to the special group of verbs known as “modal verbs”. These verbs are conjugated differently from the verbs that you already know.:

• Modal verbs often have a different vowel in the singular than in the plural.
• The form of the first- and third-person singular is the same: the verb has no ending.

Wann spielen wir?

Time: dies-/nächst-

Kannst du diese Woche ? – Nein, aber nächste Woche habe ich Zeit.

In addition to the time phrases that you already know, you can also give time details using the words dies- and nächst- . You can combine these with a noun, e.g. Monat , Woche or Jahr . The times are often in the accusative, so pay attention to the endings.