目录

神聖的綫性代數速成例題5.-矩陣運算的定義轉置的性質方陣多項式的概念

目录

神聖的綫性代數速成例題5. 矩陣運算的定義、轉置的性質、方陣多項式的概念

  1. 矩陣運算的定義(補充) :矩陣乘法:如前所述,設 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%3D%28a_%7Bij%7D%29https://latex.csdn.net/eq?m%5Ctimes%20s 矩陣, https://latex.csdn.net/eq?B%3D%28b_%7Bij%7D%29https://latex.csdn.net/eq?s%5Ctimes%20n 矩陣,乘積 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?ABhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28i%2Cj%29https://latex.csdn.net/eq?c_%7Bij%7D%3D%5Csum_%7Bk%20%3D%201%7D%5E%7Bs%7Da_%7Bik%7Db_%7Bkj%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?ABhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?m%5Ctimes%20n
  2. 轉置的性質 :若 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A 是矩陣,則 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%5ET%29%5ET%20%3D%20Ahttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%20+%20B%29%5ET%20%3D%20A%5ET%20+%20B%5ET ,其中 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?Ahttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?B 是同型矩陣。 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28kA%29%5ET%20%3D%20kA%5EThttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?k 為數。 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28AB%29%5ET%20%3D%20B%5ETA%5ET ,其中 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?Ahttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?m%5Ctimes%20s 矩陣, https://latex.csdn.net/eq?Bhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?s%5Ctimes%20n 矩陣。
  3. 方陣多項式的概念 :設 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?Ahttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?n 階方陣, https://latex.csdn.net/eq?f%28x%29%3Da_mx%5Em+%5Ccdots+a_1x%20+%20a_0 是一個多項式,則 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?f%28A%29%3Da_mA%5Em+%5Ccdots+a_1A%20+%20a_0I ,其中 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?Ihttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?n 階單位矩陣。

例題解析

1.已知 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%262%5C%5C3%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D ,求 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%5ET ,並驗證 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%5ET%29%5ET%20%3D%20A

解: https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%263%5C%5C2%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D

再求 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%5ET%29%5EThttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%5ET%29%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%262%5C%5C3%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3DA

2.已知 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%262%5C%5C3%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?B%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D5%266%5C%5C7%268%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D ,求 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%20+%20B%29%5ET ,並驗證 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%20+%20B%29%5ET%20%3D%20A%5ET%20+%20B%5ET

解: https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%20+%20B%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%20+%205%262+6%5C%5C3%20+%207%264+8%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D6%268%5C%5C10%2612%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%20+%20B%29%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D6%2610%5C%5C8%2612%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D

https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%263%5C%5C2%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?B%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D5%267%5C%5C6%268%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%5ET%20+%20B%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1+5%263%20+%207%5C%5C2+6%264+8%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D6%2610%5C%5C8%2612%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D ,所以 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%20+%20B%29%5ET%20%3D%20A%5ET%20+%20B%5ET

3.已知 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%262%5C%5C3%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?k%20%3D%203 ,求 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28kA%29%5ET ,並驗證 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28kA%29%5ET%20%3D%20kA%5ET

解: https://latex.csdn.net/eq?kA%20%3D%203%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%262%5C%5C3%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D3%266%5C%5C9%2612%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28kA%29%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D3%269%5C%5C6%2612%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D

https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%263%5C%5C2%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?kA%5ET%20%3D%203%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%263%5C%5C2%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D3%269%5C%5C6%2612%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D ,所以 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28kA%29%5ET%20%3D%20kA%5ET

4.已知 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%262%5C%5C3%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?B%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D5%266%5C%5C7%268%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D ,求 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28AB%29%5ET ,並驗證 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28AB%29%5ET%20%3D%20B%5ETA%5ET

解: https://latex.csdn.net/eq?AB%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%5Ctimes5+2%5Ctimes7%261%5Ctimes6%20+%202%5Ctimes8%5C%5C3%5Ctimes5+4%5Ctimes7%263%5Ctimes6+4%5Ctimes8%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D19%2622%5C%5C43%2650%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28AB%29%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D19%2643%5C%5C22%2650%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D

https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%263%5C%5C2%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?B%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D5%267%5C%5C6%268%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?B%5ETA%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D5%5Ctimes1+7%5Ctimes2%265%5Ctimes3+7%5Ctimes4%5C%5C6%5Ctimes1+8%5Ctimes2%266%5Ctimes3+8%5Ctimes4%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D19%2643%5C%5C22%2650%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D ,所以 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28AB%29%5ET%20%3D%20B%5ETA%5ET

5.已知 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%260%5C%5C0%261%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?f%28x%29%3Dx%5E2%20-%202x%20+%201 ,求 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?f%28A%29

解: https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%5E2%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%260%5C%5C0%261%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%260%5C%5C0%261%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%260%5C%5C0%261%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?2A%20%3D%202%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%260%5C%5C0%261%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D2%260%5C%5C0%262%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?1I%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%260%5C%5C0%261%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D

https://latex.csdn.net/eq?f%28A%29%3DA%5E2%20-%202A%20+%20I%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%260%5C%5C0%261%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D-%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D2%260%5C%5C0%262%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D+%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%260%5C%5C0%261%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D0%260%5C%5C0%260%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D

6.已知 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D2%261%5C%5C%20-%201%263%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?f%28x%29%3Dx%5E3%20-%203x%5E2%20+%202x%20-%201 ,求 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?f%28A%29

解: https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%5E2%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D2%261%5C%5C%20-%201%263%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D2%261%5C%5C%20-%201%263%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D4%20-%201%262%20+%203%5C%5C%20-%202%20-%203%26%20-%201%20+%209%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D3%265%5C%5C%20-%205%268%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D

https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%5E3%20%3D%20A%5E2A%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D3%265%5C%5C%20-%205%268%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D2%261%5C%5C%20-%201%263%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D6%20-%205%263%20+%2015%5C%5C%20-%2010%20-%208%26%20-%205%20+%2024%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%2618%5C%5C%20-%2018%2619%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D

https://latex.csdn.net/eq?3A%5E2%20%3D%203%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D3%265%5C%5C%20-%205%268%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D9%2615%5C%5C%20-%2015%2624%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?2A%20%3D%202%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D2%261%5C%5C%20-%201%263%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D4%262%5C%5C%20-%202%266%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?-1I%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D-1%260%5C%5C0%26-1%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D

https://latex.csdn.net/eq?f%28A%29%3DA%5E3%20-%203A%5E2%20+%202A%20-%20I%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%2618%5C%5C%20-%2018%2619%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D-%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D9%2615%5C%5C%20-%2015%2624%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D+%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D4%262%5C%5C%20-%202%266%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D-%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D-1%260%5C%5C0%26-1%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D-3%265%5C%5C%20-%201%262%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D

7.已知 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A 是一個 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?3%5Ctimes3 矩陣, https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%262%263%5C%5C4%265%266%5C%5C7%268%269%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D ,求 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A

解:由 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%5ET%29%5ET%20%3D%20A ,所以 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%264%267%5C%5C2%265%268%5C%5C3%266%269%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D

8.已知 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1%262%5C%5C3%264%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?B%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D%20-%201%26%20-%202%5C%5C%20-%203%26%20-%204%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D ,求 https://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%20-%20B%29%5ET

解: https://latex.csdn.net/eq?A%20-%20B%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D1-%28%20-%201%29%262-%28%20-%202%29%5C%5C3-%28%20-%203%29%264-%28%20-%204%29%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D2%264%5C%5C6%268%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7Dhttps://latex.csdn.net/eq?%28A%20-%20B%29%5ET%3D%5Cbegin%7Bpmatrix%7D2%266%5C%5C4%268%5Cend%7Bpmatrix%7D